doriot



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. DORIOT.

DENTAL ENGINE. I *N0.5O3,740. I Patented Aug.2 2,1893.

(NoModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. DORIOT.

DENTAL ENGINE.

No. 503,740. Patefited Aug. 22, 1893.

INVENTOR WEM {N9 Model.) 0 DORIDT 5 She ets-Sheet 5. DENTAL ENGINE.

Patented Aug. 22, 1893.

' INVENTOR WITNEgSES r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONSTANT DORIOT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE S. S.WHITE DENTAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

DENTAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,740, dated August22, 1893.

Application filed March 2, 1893. Serial No. 464,407. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CONSTANT DORIOT, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDental Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements as hereinafter claimedapplicable to dental engines.

In the accompanying drawings which show a preferred organization ofmyimprovements, Figure 1 is a view in perspective. Fig. 2 is a View inside elevation, showing portions only I 5 of the engine. Fig. 3 is aview partly in plan and partly in horizontal section on the line 3 ofFig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view in elevation showing a portion of the sectionalupright standard of the engine, the pulley head carried thereby, andadjacent parts. Fig. 5 is a view showing details of the upper portion ofthe sectional upright standard. Fig. 6 is a view partly in centralvertical section and partly in elevation of a portion of the uprightstandard, the pulley head, its adjusting devices, and adjacent parts.Fig. 7 is a view partly in elevation and partlyin vertical centralsection showing portions of the upright standard, and its attachments.Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 of Fig. 7; and Fig. 9 a section on theline 9 of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a view showing the hand-piece, itswrist-joint connection, and the forearm coupling. Fig. 11 is alongitudinal central section through the handpiece. Fig. 12 is atransverse section, on an enlarged scale, on the line 12 of Fig. 11; and

Fig. 13 a section on the line 13 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of cord guides.

The engine base A, frame standard A, driving wheel B, and off-centerspring B may be of any suitable construction, and motion is communicatedby way of a pit-man C to the driving wheel from a treadle C.

A suitable telescoping upright standard has 5 its lower section Ldetachably secured to the top of the frame standard A by a supportingbracket M. This supporting'bracket extends over the driving wheel at orabout at a right angle with the shaft thereof, to one side of 5c theframe standard, and in a direction the opposite to that in which thetreadle projects from the frame standard. A hand screw M and a dowelorcentering pin m serve to firmly secure the supporting bracket to itsseat formed by the top at of the frame standard which is made with abend to overhang the driving wheel. The bracket for the uprightstandard, thus secured in position so as to project laterally to theframe standard, at about a right angle with the driving wheel shaft,serves also as a support for mounting a a guide pulley N for the drivingcord N, and provides for having the driving cord pass almost entirelyabout the driving Wheel, to give a desirable pull upon the cord andprevent its slipping.

Between forks O, O, rigid with the upper section 0 of the uprightstandard, there is mounted a rocking pulley head 0 on' a shaft 0. Ascrew 0' serves to rigidly but detachably connect the pulley head, byway of its hub with the shaft 0. The upper section 0 of the uprightstandard is tubular for a portion of its length, is attached to a solidportion or pin P by a screw 19, and is provided with an external screwthread P. Near its lower end this standard section 0 is provided withdiametrically opposite slats 19 p, and a pin p passes through the slotsand through an adjustable block q inside the standard section. Anadjusting nut Q engages the threaded portion P of the standard sectionbeneath the cross pin 19 A coiled spring Q bears at one end upon theadjustable block q, and at its opposite end against a thrust pin R whichbears by a shoulder 'r upon a brake shoe or block S, passes through thisblock and at its end, above a second shoulder s, engages with a facing Sof rubber, leather or equivalent yielding, frictional material in agroove in go the upper surface of the brake block.

The pulley head as shown is in the form of the segment of acircle-almost a complete circle-but the segment may be lessened. or thehead he in the form of complete circle. 5 It is only necessary that ithave a periphery which for a sufficient extent is properly curved in thearc of a regular circle-so as to adapt it to be operated upon by thebrake. It will be seen that by means of the nut Q the ten- I00 as usual,is formed of three rods, the central or main rod T being considerablylarger than the other rods T T, and tubular. The. rods T T act asbraces, and are rigidly connected at their outer ends with the main orcentral rod, at opposite sides thereof, that is above and below it, bymeans of a cross head 25, while at their inner ends the three rods screwinto a block U of 'a carrier mounted to rock about the hub of the pulleyhead. diverge from their outer ends inward; their distance fromthecentral rod being greater at their inner ends than at their outerends.

The carrier of the engine arm consists of two. similar arms or plates UU in connection with the block U which is secured by screws between theouter ends of the carrier arms.

Two corresponding springs V V are coiled about the hub of the pulleyhead, one by'the side of each carrier arm. One end of each spring isengaged with the pulley head hub, and at their opposite ends thesesprings. engage the one with the carrier arm U at u, and the other withthe carrier arm U at u. The. springs exert upward pressure on thecarrier and act with atendency to lift the engine arm; and yieldinglyuphold it. The extent to which the arm may be lifted by the action ofthe springs is limited by means of curved slots U in the respectivecarrier arms, and stop pins a on the pulley head entering these slots.Obviously, but one carrier arm, with its slot, and a single stop pinmight be used.

are mounted upon the pulley head shaft 0, one at either side of thepulley head; and additional jointed sections of the engine arm, andother pulleys are provided, as farther on to be referred to, to conveymotion to a hand piece spindle.

In order that the engine arm may normally be held in desirableinoperative position by the action of a spring and be automaticallyreturned to this position when released after having beep moved awayfrom it by swinging it horizontally against the force exerted by thespring, the solid portion. or pin Pof the standard section 0 issurrounded by an incased coiled spring W, one end of which is fastenedto this pin P, while the other end has connection with a section of thestandardintowhich the pin Pis fitted so that it may turn, by

means as follows: A loose sleeve W of the standard, to which sleeve thelower end of the spring is secured, is provided with a longitudinalslotw by which, toprevent-its turn,-

ing, it is engaged with a pin a: on' the section of the standard intowhich the pinPfits; and the spring casing is provided with a slot 11extending about half way around it, into which The brace rods.

brought around toward the treadle, into operative position.

Cord guides Z for preventing the driving cord from running off thedriving wheel and the pulleys N, V V are provided. See Figs.

'1, 2, 4, 6 and 14.. These cord guides are suitably'secured in positionin proper relation to the driving wheel and pulleys and the drivingcord, andconsist each of wire bent to form at least one coil, forminganeyethrough -which the cord passes. The cord is easily 1 inserted inposition in the guide beneath the free end of the wire and may be asreadily removed, while. accidental displacement of the cord is guardedagainst.

- A second section A of the engine arm is jointed to the inner or mainsection thereof,

and cord guide pulleys B B are mounted .at the joint, in usual way. -Theouter or ;wrist.joint section C of the engine arm is provided withsuitable cord guide pulleys D? D one of which is journaled at the jointidconnecting the two sections of the wrist- 1 joint, and thiswrist-joint section has, a socket 1 a and a spring catch b which isactuated by ia push-pin 0 .shouldered end e of the engine arm section Aenters the socket of the wristjoint sec- 1 tion and is engaged by thecatch. Pressure on the push-pin serves to disengage the catch from thesection A as will be obvious.

Grooved pulleys V V for the driving cord The pointed and annularlyConnection between a hand-piece frame E and the wrist-joint section ofthe engine arm i is made as follows: The hand-piece frame has a socketin its arm l3 into which fits, so as to turn freely, a round pin Gformed with the wrist-joint.

The ,pin is shouldered above the frame socket and has a collar gremovably fastened upon it below the socket, thus keeping it in placeWithout interfering with its swiveling action. "The long externallyunthreaded sleeve portion f of the hand piece frame enters the handpiece casing G about to an internal shoulder 77. thereof and is held inplaceby means of a locking piece H which engages an annular shoulder orcollar I on the casing. adapted to slide on that portion .of the hand'piece frame between its sleeve f and arm This locking piece is F. Asecurin screw 1* asses throu h a longitudinal slot in the locking pieceand en- :gages the hand-piece frame,anda:pin f projecting downwardlyfrom the flanged top of thelocking piece enters a hole in the hand pieceframe. 6% Fig. 10. By looseningthe securing screw the locking piece.maybe slid away from the hand piece casing until the hook or flange ofthe locking piece which hand-piece casing, and the internally inclinedend Z of a threaded adjusting sleeve M provided with a milled nut bywhich to screw it into the hand-piece frame. Obviously, by adjustment ofthis sleeve the spindle may be properly held to its bearings. A screw Ppassing through the handpiece frame serves to hold the sleeve in itsadjusted position.

A split-ended chuck or tool holder m of greater diameter at and near itsfront end than for the remainder of its length fits within the spindle,and is threaded at its rear end which projects beyond the spindle, so asto be drawn back by means of a nut N bearing against the rear end of thespindle, after a tool is inserted. The inclined shoulder a at the splitfront end of the chuck is drawn against the internally inclined frontend of the spindle with sufficient force to compress the chuck upon thetool and grip it fast. A pin o secured to the spindle near its front endand projecting inwardly therefrom engages a groove in the chuck and thusprevents turning of the chuck in the spindle. The end of the tool shankis beveled and the inner end of the socket in the chuck iscorrespondingly shaped to receive it, as shown at 10 Fig. 11, thusguarding against the possibility of the tool turning when clamped in thechuck.

A pulley q fast on the rear end of the retary spindle receives motionfrom the driving cord. This pulley is located between the nut of theadjusting sleeve M and the nut N of the chuck shank.

Although the chuck made with two diameterslarger at and near its frontend than elsewhere is preferable, it may be made of the same diameterthroughout when such construction is desired.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the handle of thehand screw which connects the supporting bracket with the frame standardaffords a ready means for moving the engine about, and that when liftedby this handle its weight upheld is nicely balanced; that by means ofthe supporting bracket the upright standard is offset from the framestandard to counterbalance the weight of the treadle, be out of the wayof the dentist, and admit of the pull upon the driving cord being in aline parallel or nearly so with the upright standard, while by means ofthe guide pulley located between the peripheral portion of the drivingwheel to which the pull side of the driving cord passes, and a linepassing vertically through the axis of the driving wheel, an almostcomplete encircling of the driving wheel by the driving cord is insured,thus enabling a driving cord slack on the return side to be used andlessening friction on the journals of the driving wheel and the pulleys;and that the engine arm has a wide range of movement imparted to it; isautomatically moved out of the way of the dentist when released, and maybe adjusted into a vertical position so that but little space isoccupied by the engine when not in use. It will also be seen thatastrong and quickly operated spring catch connection is provided betweenthe second section and the wrist joint section of the engine arm; thatgreat freedom of movement of the hand piece is given by means of theswiveling connection between the second section of the engine arm andthe wrist joint thereof, between this wrist joint section and the handpiece frame, and between this frame and the hand piece casing; that asecure and readily separable connection between the hand-piece frame andcasing is provided; that the long externally unth readed sleeve of thehand-piece frame entering the hand piece casing insures perfectalignment of parts; and that a secure and quickly operated tool clamp isprovided.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a dental engine, of thedriving wheel, the frame standard, the upright standard havingsupporting connection with the frame standard, the driving cord, pulleysat the top of the upright standard, and the cord guide pulley supportedover the driving wheel and between the peripheral portion thereof towhich the pull side of the driving cord passes, and a line passingvertically through the axis of the driving wheel, substantially as setforth.

2. The combination, in a dental engine, of the driving wheel, the framestandard, the supporting bracket attached to the frame standard andprojecting laterally thereto at a right angle or nearly so with theshaft of the driving Wheel, the upright standard carried by thesupporting bracket, the cord guide pulley mounted on the supportingbracket between the frame standard and upright standard, pulleys at thetop of the upright standard, and the driving cord, substantially as setforth.

3. The combination, in a dental engine of the frame standard, thedriving wheel, the supporting bracket projecting laterally to the framestandard and at a right angle or nearly so with the shaft of the drivingwheel, the upright standard secured to the supporting bracket, and thehand screw securing the supporting bracket to the frame standardcentrally over the driving wheel and serving as a means to lift and movethe engine, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a dental engine, of the upright standard, thepulley head at the upper end thereof, the engine arm, the rockingcarrier therefor provided with the slot, the stop pin on the pulley headengaging said slot, and the spring acting upon the carrier to yieldinglyuphold the engine arm, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, in a dental engine, of the upright standard, therocking pulley head at the upper end thereof, the engine arm havingsupporting connection with the pulley head, and the spring-actuatedbrake bearing upward againstthe rocking pulley head, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination, in a dental engine, of the upright standard, therocking pulley head at the upper end thereof, the engine arm havingsupporting connection with the rocking pulley head, thc brake bearingupward against the pulley head, the thrust pin acting upon the brake,and the adjustable spring within the upright standard and, acting uponthe thrust pin, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, in a dental engine, of

the upright standard, the rocking pulley head at the upper end thereof,the slotted rocking carrier, the engine arm secured thereto, the

pin on the pulley head entering the slot in the, rocking carrier, thespring acting upon the car-.

rier to yieldingl-y uphold the engine arm, the

ingly hold it against rocking, the thrust pin acting upon the brake, andthe adjustable spring within the upright standard and acting upon thethrust pin, substantially as set,

forth. I t

8. The combination, in a dental engine, of

the upright standard havin'gaturning uppersection, the engine arm havingsupporting connection with said turning section, and the incased springof the upright standard having connection with the turning upper sectionand a non-turning section of the standard and acting upon the turningsection with a tendency to hold it against turning so as to normallymaintain the engine arm in inoperative position out of the way, whileallowing it to.

be swung horizontally into operative position,

and restoring it to its normal position when upright standard in whichthe turning pin fits, and the pin of the loose sleeve engaging the slotof the spring casing, substantially as set forth.

10. The combinatiomin a dental engine, of r the second section of theengine arm provided with the pointed and annularly shouldered end, thewrist-joint section provided with the socket to receive said end, theshouldered the hand-piece casing provided with the annular shoulder, thehand-piece frame having the sleeve about which the hand-piece casingturns freely, and means carried by the handpiece frame for engaging the,shoulder of the hand-piece casing to lockthe hand-piece against endwisemovement on said sleeve, substantially as set forth. brake acting uponthe pulley head to yield- 14. The, combination, in a dental engine, of

, the hand-piece casing provided with the annular shoulder, thehand-piece frame having the long externally unthreaded sleeve enteringsaid casing, the slotted locking piece engaging the shoulder ofthehand-piece casing,

and the securing screw passing through the slot of. the locking pieceand engaging the hand-piece frame, substantially as setforth.

15. The combination, in a dental engine, of the hand-piece casing, therotary tubular spindle therein, the split-ended tool chuck passingentirely through said spindle, projecting therefrom at its rear end andthreaded, the clamping nut engagingsaidthreaded rear end of the chuck,and the pulley fast on the rear end of the rotary tubular spindle,substantially as set forth.

16. The combination, in a dental engine, of the hand -piece casing, therotary tubular spindle having its front bearing in said casing andprovided with the inclined shoulders near its front and rear ends, thehand-piece frame having the sleeve entering said casing, and

.- the adjusting sleeve provided with the nut having the internallyinclined end acting against the inclined rear shoulder of the spindleand having threaded engagement with the sleeve of the hand-piece frame,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

. CONSTANT DORIOT. Witnesses:

J ULES M. RAVEL, J. A. B. WILLIAMS.

